As an example, look at a person riding a bicycle, with the person acting like the engine. If see your face tries to ride that bike up a steep hill in a gear that’s created for low rpm, he or she will struggle as
they try to maintain their balance and achieve an rpm that will permit them to climb the hill. However, if they change the bike’s gears right into a swiftness that will produce a higher rpm, the rider could have
a much easier period of it. A continuous force could be applied with smooth rotation being supplied. The same logic applies for industrial applications that want lower speeds while keeping necessary
torque.
• Inertia matching. Today’s servo motors are generating more torque in accordance with frame size. That’s due to dense copper windings, light-weight materials, and high-energy magnets.
This creates greater inertial mismatches between servo motors and the loads they are trying to move. Using a gearhead to raised match the inertia of the engine to the inertia of 
the load allows for using a smaller electric motor and outcomes in a more responsive system that is easier to tune. Again, that is attained through the gearhead’s ratio, where in fact the servo gearbox reflected inertia of the strain to the electric motor is decreased by 1/ratio2.
Recall that inertia is the way of measuring an object’s level of resistance to change in its motion and its function of the object’s mass and form. The greater an object’s inertia, the more torque is needed to accelerate or decelerate the thing. This means that when the strain inertia is much bigger than the engine inertia, sometimes it could cause extreme overshoot or increase settling times. Both circumstances can decrease production range throughput.
However, when the engine inertia is bigger than the load inertia, the motor will need more power than is otherwise essential for the particular application. This boosts costs since it requires paying more for a motor that’s bigger than necessary, and because the increased power usage requires higher operating costs. The solution is by using a gearhead to complement the inertia of the engine to the inertia of the strain.